Association of Picky Eating with Weight and Height—The European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC–CZ)

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether preschool children identified as picky eaters showed differences in anthropometric characteristics (weight and height) from their non-picky peers at 15 years of age. Design: This study was performed among the cohort members of the EL- SPAC–CZ study, a longitudinal study of pregnancy and childhood. The analysis included 2068 children (997 girls and 1071 boys) followed between births and 15 years of age. Picky eaters were identified at 1.5, 3, and 5 years of age. Anthropometric characteristics were measured at 15 years of age (15 years). Results: Picky eaters (n = 346; 16.7%) had a lower weight and height than non-picky eaters (n = 1722; 83.3%) at 15 years. This difference in weight and height was maintained after controlling for sex of the child, birth weight, birth length, maternal education, family structure at 15 years, and maternal age at childbirth. The picky children were on average 2.3 kg lighter and 0.8 cm shorter than non- picky children at 15 years. Conclusions: Persistent picky eating in preschool children is related to lower weight and height at 15 years of age in ELSPAC–CZ study

Effects of low-dose alcohol exposure in adolescence on subsequent alcohol drinking in adulthood in a rat model of depression

Objective: Adolescence drinking and subsequent development of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a worldwide health concern. In particular, mood dysregulation or early alcohol exposure can be the cause of heavy drinking in some individuals or a consequence of heavy drinking in others. Methods: This study investigated the effects of voluntary alcohol intake during adolescence, i.e. continuous 10% alcohol access between postnatal days (PND) 29 to 43 and olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) model of depression (performed on PND 59) on alcohol drinking in Wistar rats during adulthood (PND 80–120, intermittent 20% alcohol access). In addition, the effect of NBQX, an AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist (5 mg/kg, IP) on spontaneous alcohol consumption was examined. Results: Rats exposed to 10% alcohol during adolescence exhibited a lower 20% alcohol intake in the intermittent paradigm during adulthood, while the OBX-induced phenotype did not exert a significant effect on the drinking behaviour. NBQX exerted a transient reduction on alcohol intake in the OBX rats. Conclusions: Our results indicate that exposure to alcohol during adolescence can affect alcohol drinking in adulthood and that further exploration of AMPA and/or kainate receptor antagonists in co-morbid alcoholism-depression is warranted

<b>Unravelling Adipose Tissue Proteomic Landscapes in Severe Obesity: Insights into Metabolic Complications and Potential Biomarkers</b> - Supplementary Files

Supplementary files S File 1 – LC-MS Analysis Methods A comprehensive description of the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis methods employed in this study. S File 2 – Normalized and Imputed Intensity Values for SAT and VAT Proteomics Dataset The MaxQuant search proteinGroups.txt dataset for SAT and VAT proteomics data, including the following modifications: (a) removal of decoy hits and contaminant protein groups; (b) exclusion of library data; (c) exclusion of protein groups without measured intensity in ≤ 8 samples in at least one of the sample groups (SAT Males/Females, VAT Males/Females); (d) log2 transformation of protein group intensities; (e) LoessF normalization; and (f) imputation of missing values using the sample minimum. S File 3 – Normalized and Imputed Intensity Values for Serum Proteomics Dataset The DIA-NN output dataset for serum proteomics data, including only features with Lib.Q.Val 0.5, has undergone the following modifications: (a) removal of contaminant protein groups; (b) exclusion of protein groups without measured intensity data in ≤ 8 samples in at least one of the sample groups (males/females); (c) log2 transformation of protein group intensities for DIA-NN normalized data; and (d) imputation of missing values using the sample minimum. S File 4 – LIMMA Differential Expression Analysis of SAT and VAT Protein Expression This file contains the results of a linear model differential expression analysis using LIMMA, which compares protein group intensities between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in paired design while accounting for sex as a confounding variable. The outcomes were corrected for multiple hypothesis testing using the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure, as implemented in the LIMMA package. S File 5 – LIMMA Analysis of Sex Differences in VAT and SAT Protein Expression This file presents the results of a linear model differential expression analysis using LIMMA, comparing protein group intensities between males' and females' visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). The outcomes were corrected for multiple hypothesis testing with the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure, as implemented in the LIMMA package. S File 6 – LIMMA Analysis of Sex Differences in Serum Protein Expression This file contains the results of a linear model differential expression analysis using LIMMA, comparing protein group intensities between male and female serum samples. The outcomes were corrected for multiple hypothesis testing using the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure, as implemented in the LIMMA package. S File 7 - SignalP 6.0 Prediction of Putative Secreted Proteins This file contains the output of the putative secreted proteins analysis using the SignalP 6.0 Server. The analysis was performed on the FASTA sequences of proteins overlapping between the adipose tissue and serum proteome. S File 8 – Bioinformatics Data Analysis Methods A detailed description of the bioinformatics data analysis techniques employed in this study. S File 9a – Gene Ontology Enrichment Analysis for Biological Processes in SAT and VAT Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of biological processes for differentially expressed proteins in SAT (n = 693) and VAT (n = 556), conducted using the Cytoscape GlueGO plug-in with a two-cluster approach. Only GO terms of levels 5-8 were considered, with a significance threshold of 0.05, and redundant groups with > 50% overlap were merged. This file contains the most significantly enriched terms (adj. P-value S File 9b – Gene Ontology Enrichment Analysis for Cellular Components in SAT and VAT Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of cellular components for differentially expressed proteins in SAT (n = 693) and VAT (n = 556), conducted using the Cytoscape GlueGO plug-in with a two-cluster approach. Only GO terms of levels 5-8 were considered, with a significance threshold of 0.05, and redundant groups with > 50% overlap were merged. This file contains the most significantly enriched terms (adj. P-value S File 9c – Gene Ontology Enrichment Analysis for Molecular Function in SAT and VAT Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of molecular function for differentially expressed proteins in SAT (n = 693) and VAT (n = 556), conducted using the Cytoscape GlueGO plug-in with a two-cluster approach. Only GO terms of levels 5-8 were considered, with a significance threshold of 0.05, and redundant groups with > 50% overlap were merged. This file contains the most significantly enriched terms (adj. P-value S File 10 – Pathway Enrichment Analysis of Differentially Expressed Proteins in SAT and VAT This file contains the results of Reactome pathways and reactions enrichment analysis for all upregulated SAT and VAT proteins, conducted using the Cytoscape ClueGO plugin with separate groups for SAT and VAT proteins. The analysis was performed using default settings, but only displaying results with a p-value S File 11a – SAT Reactome Over-Representation Pathway Analysis This file contains the results obtained by submitting the list of UniProt accessions for all significantly upregulated SAT proteins to the Reactome data analysis tool. S File 11b – VAT Reactome Over-Representation Pathway Analysis This file contains the results obtained by submitting the list of UniProt accessions for all significantly upregulated VAT proteins to the Reactome data analysis tool. S File 12 – Tissue-Serum Expression Correlations This file contains the biweight midcorrelation results between SAT, VAT, and serum protein expression levels. S File 13 – WGCNA Module Enrichments for SAT, VAT, and Serum This ZIP file contains the results of all Cytoscape ClueGO combined enrichment analyses for biological processes (BP), cellular components (CC), molecular functions (MF), and Reactome pathways and processes for WGCNA module proteins in SAT, VAT, and serum. S File 14 – Clinical Traits Correlation Matrix This file contains a cluster correlation matrix of clinical traits, illustrating the intercorrelation between similar clinical variables. S File 15a - SAT WGCNA Module-Trait Relationships Results This table presents the module membership and gene significance, along with their respective p-values, from the WGCNA and module-trait relationship analysis for SAT protein expression. S File 15b - VAT WGCNA Module-Trait Relationships Results This table presents the module membership and gene significance, along with their respective p-values, from the WGCNA and module-trait relationship analysis for VAT protein expression. S File 15c - Serum WGCNA Module-Trait Relationships Results This table presents the module membership and gene significance, along with their respective p-values, from the WGCNA and module-trait relationship analysis for serum protein expression.</p